A theory on visually induced motion sickness

This paper deals with visual–vestibular interactions as these occur when viewing images, and may cause motion sickness. Some basic vestibular matters fundamental to motion sickness are highlighted, such as the observation that people without functioning inner ears do not get sick from motion, including visual motion. Furthermore, the subjective vertical mismatch theory is described, and its corollaries regarding visual motion. A theoretical framework including visual–vestibular interactions is presented. This framework provides opportunities for studying, understanding, describing, and predicting visually induced motion sickness. 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.